Fluid-tractor.



J. M. KING. FLUID TRACTOR. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 31, 1912.

Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

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JOSEPH MARION KNG, OF JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA.

FLUID-TRACTOR.

Specification of'Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

Application filed .T u1y`31, 1912. Serial No. 712,468.

`To all 'whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH MARION KING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jacksonville, in the county of Duval and State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Tractors, of which the following is a specilication, reference b-eing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

T his invention provides a device that utilizes steam, the gaseous products ot combustion, or other iiuids entering the device under pressure, as its motive medium, and it particularly is adapted for use in association with exhaust-conduits of internalcombustion engines.

Some of the principles of fluid action involved in this device are similar to those involved in my copending application for patent on fluid-tractor, filed April 27, 1912, Serial Number 693,566, and in addition the inductive action characteristic of some forms ot' ejectors and a vacuum-chamber contributing to production of a substantially continuous flow of liquid are employed.

Among the objects of the invention is to provide a device that, by employment of energy present in exhaust or other fluids initially under pressure, will cause a 'flow of liquid, as engine circulating-water or bilgewater, and that will increase the etliciency of an engine with which it is associated.

The device is so formed and arranged that momentary subsidences of pressure or partial vacuums are caused by intermittent eX- pulsion of the motive medium through the device, and these lapses of pressure are utilized to cause a flow of liquid.

Tli/*hen read in connection with the description herein, the details of construction and arrangement of parts will be apparent from the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, wherein an embodiment ot the invention is disclosed, for purposes ot illustration.

.Vhile a preferred form ofthe invention is shown, it is to be understood that it is not the intention to be limited necessarily to the precise delineation herein in interpretation of claims hereinafter, as it is obvious that parts can be variously Jformed and organized, without departing from the nature and spirit of the invention.

Like reference-characters refer to corresponding parts in the views of the drawings, of which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view; Fig. 2 is an end elevation, looking at the receiving-end; and Fig. 3 is an end elevation,.

looking at thedischarge-end.

Referring moreparticularly to the drawings, 5 designates an outer casing or shell, preferably circular' in cross-section, having receiving and discharge ends 6 and 7 arranged tor connection with parts of an eX- haust-disposal means or other conduit. In th-e vicinity of the discharge end, the outer casing has an inwardly-extending annular flange or wall 8, on which is formed a valveseat 9 arranged to have coperate therewith to close the device against atmospheric pressure an outwardly-opening valve 10. The valve has thereon a stem 11, guided by a guideway in a frame 12, adjustably held in an interiorly-threaded portion of the discharge end. Interposed between the frame and valve around the valve-stein are an outer coil-spring 13 and an inner coil-spring 14. The spring 13 may be of less strength or tension than spring 14, and it is in Contact with the valve and operates to press the latter against its seat; and the spring 14, which may be of greater strength or tension, is shorter and has retarding eiect on opening movement of the valve only when the valve has opened somewhat from its seat. The springs also may be of like tension and the spring 14 still have an additional retarding action on the valve. The valve is opened under the influence of exhaust or pressure impulses and closed under the influence of atmospheric pressure, as in the case of the similarly-located valve of the earlier application hereinbefore mentioned, and the inner spring operates to retard opening movement of the valve after the valve has opened a certain distance, so that that spring is compressed and the valve permitted to have further opening movement only under comparatively great pressures.

Connected to or integrally formed with the flange or wall 8 is an exhaust-conduit 15, preferably circular in cross-section, which extends longitudinally and centrally of the device to the receiving end where it is joined to the outer casing, thereby constituting an exhaust-passage leading to the valve 10. There is a cooling-space 16 between the casing and conduit, which has a liquid-inlet 17, preferably located in the lower portion of the device and in the vicinity of the discharge end. The valve 10, it will be seen, is located directly in the path of fluids moving in the conduit. A secondary conduit 18, preferably circular in crosssection, is positioned centrally and longitudinally of the exhaust-conduit. It has a receiving end positioned in the vicinity of the receiving `end of the device and directly in the path of fluids entering that end, and it terminates in a discharge end somewhat removed from the valve 10 and positioned to discharge directly againsty that valve. For a portion of its length intermediate its ends the secondary conduit is reduced in size, as shown at 18a. The secondary conduit may be supported in the device .in any suitable manner. In the present embodiment, it is supported by a circular wall 19 forming a passage 20 affording communication between the upper portion of the cooling-space and the secondary conduit near its receiving end.

The mouth or entrance end of ythe secondary conduit has projecting theremto a sub- 4 stantially funnel or truncated-cone shaped device 21, which is joined to the wall of the secondary conduit at its end, whereby it receives all of the pressure fluids entering that conduit. F rom its entrance the member 21 reduces in size, so that it is smaller at its discharge end than at its receiving end, as a result of which there is an annular space between it and the secondary conduit. Member 21 extends into the secondary conduit beyond the passage 20.

VThe wall of the outer casing is deflected outwardly to form a valve-chamber 22 over the passage 20, and communicating with this chamber is a vacuum-chamber 23 comprehended by a casing 24, removably held in place by having its screw-threaded lower part engaged with threads on the deflected walls. The passage 2O has screw-threads removably holding a frame 25. This frame is vformed with a seat 26 with which a valve 27 coperates to close the passage, this valve being arranged Vto close against fluid pressure in the secondary conduit and to open under oppositely-exerted influence. The valve has a stem 28 disposed in a guideway of the frame, and associated therewith is a spring 29 operating to close the valve. ln the present embodiment, the spring is disposed between the frame and a stop 30 on the stem. The parts are so relatively proportioned that, when the vacuum-chamber is removed from the device, the frame and valve may be withdrawn. The vacuumchamber is provided aty or near the top with a pet-cock 31, in order that air may be admitted to the chamber and accumulations of liquid therein permitted to drain to the cooling-space.

When the device is associated with an exhaust-conduit of an engine, and has its inlet 17 connected with a liquid-supply means, the actions therein are substantially as follows: Exhaust fluids enter the receiving end, and a portion of them flow through the. secondary conduit and the Vremainder of bound or a tendency of the atmosphere to flow into the device. Back flow of air is prevented by the valve 10 closing against atmospheric pressure, and the engine there` by is relieved of the necessity of initially overcoming atmospheric pressure or backlash on the next exhaust.

The hot exhaust fluids within the device sustain a reduction of' volume due to the cooling effects of the cooling-space. As a result of the tendency of gases to flow to restore stable equilibrium within the exhaust-conduit, the partial vocuums incident to reduction of fluid volume intermittently occurring in the exhaust-conduit are effective not only initially to relieve the engine of the effect of atmospheric pressure on expulsion of an exhaust, but also to produce a pull of fluids therefrom, whereby the ef'- ficiency of the engine is increased; and the partial vacuums also are effective on the fluids within the cooling-space. That is, there is a tendency of fluids to flow not only from the engine, but also from the coolingspace, and under this tendency the valve 27 opens and a flow of liquid induced from that space. Further, there is an inductive effect on the liquid resulting from the disposition of member 21, which extends into the secondary conduit beyond passage 20, as iuids impelled through this member have a drawing effect on fluids surrounding it, in accordance with well-known principles.

Liquid entering through passage 20 becomes commingled with fluids in the secondary conduit, and, also, in the exhaust-conduit between the end of the secondary conduit and the valve 10.- This contributes to the cooling of exhaust-fluids and liquefies the water, or a portion of it, that is in the exhaust fluids in an attenuated or gaseous form, and there results a reduction of' fluid volume in addition to that produced by the cooled parts. liquid from the cooling-space with exhaust fluids also has'a cooling effect. The amount of reduction in volume due to liqueiication is aparent when it is considered thatabout three-sevenths of the product of combustion Of course, the mixing of of a mixture or air and gasolene or kindred fuels used in the operation of internal-combustion engines is water in a gaseous form. In the operation of the device as described, Water may be circulated through the cooling-space and drawn from the coolingjacket of an engine, or from any other desired source as from the bilge of a boat for example.

When the flow of exhaust-Huids becomes so rapid as to exceed the motion of valve 10 acting against atmospheric pressure, the drawing and expulsion of liquid is continued by action of the liuids discharged from member 21 into the secondary conduit. At high speed, the fluid flow is continuous, and both valves remain open, while with heavyduty or slow-speed engines the flow of liquid occurs as a result of the intermittentlyoccurring partial vacuuins when the valve 10 is closed against atmospheric pressure. The vacuum-chainber 23 contributes to a uniform fiow of liquid and prevents a tendency to rest inertiabetween exhaust impulses.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of the pressure fluids enteringthe device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, and a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction.

2. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of the pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a vacuum-cham-V ber in communication with said liquid-supply passage, and a valve arranged to permit liquidto enter said conduit through said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction.

3. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion'of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquidsupply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in lthe opposite direction, and an exhaustreceiving member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-supply passage.

4. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquidsupply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a vacuum-chamber in communication with said liqiiid-supply passage, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said passage and to prevent flow of' fluids in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of' said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-supply passage.

5. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exliaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage aiid arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquidsupply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving-end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-passage and being smaller at its discharge end than at its receiving end whereby there is a space between said member and conduit.

6. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exliaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquidsupply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a vacuum-chamber in communication with said liquid-supply passage, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiv- 'i ing member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending tliereinto beyond said liquid-passage and being smaller at its discharge end than at its receiving end whereby there is a space between said L;

member and conduit.

7. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage and a coolingjacket therearound a liquid-supply inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fiuids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading from. said cooling-jacket into said conduit near its receiving end, and

a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against flow of' fluids in the opposite direction.

8. A device of the kind described having therein an :exhaust-passage and a coolingjacket tlierearound, a liquid-supply inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading from said cooling-jacket into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid passage and to close against fiow of fluids in the opposite direction, and a vacuum-chamber in communication with said cooling-jacket.

9. A device of the kind described having therein. an exhaust-passage and a coolingjaclret therearound, a liquid-supply inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading from saidv cooling-jacket into said conduit near its receiving-end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-supply passage and to close against flow of fluids in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of' said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-supply passage.

10. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage and a cooling-jacket therearound, a liquid-supply inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of' said passage and arranged to receive a portion of exhaust fluids entering the device, a liquidsupply passage leading from said coolingjacket into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid Lto enter said conduit through said liquid-supply passage and 'to close against fiovv of fluids in the opposite direction, an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving-end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-supply passage, and a vacuum-chamber in communication with said cooling-jacket.

11. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a liquid-supply conduit leading into said passage, a vacuumchamber associated with said liquid-supply conduit, and a valve arranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduit into said passage and to close against fiuid fioW in the opposite direction in said conduit.

12. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquidsupply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end and said passage having a Wall supporting said conduit, and a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said passage and to prevent fluid flow in the opposite direction in said conduit.

13. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage providedl with a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and ar- 'anged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, and a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquidpassage `and to vprevent fluid flow in the opposite direction.

14. A device ofthe kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided with a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a vacuum-chamber in communication with said liquid-supply passage, and a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to prevent fiuid flow in the opposite direction.

15. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided with a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to prevent fluid flow in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-passage.

16. A device of' the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided With a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passageand arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a vacuum-chamber in communication with said liquid-passage, a. valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flow in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-passage.

17. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided with a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid-flow in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member' positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-passage and being smaller at its discharge end than at its receiving end whereby there is a space between said 'member and conduit.

18. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided with a valve closable in response t'o atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end, a vacuum-chamber in communication with said liquid-passage, a valve arranged n to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flovv in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-passage and being smaller at its discharge end that at its receiving end whereby there is a space between saidmember and conduit.

19. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided With a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, a cooling-jacket around said exhaust-passage, a liquid-inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-passage leading from said cooling-jacket into said conduit near its receiving end, and a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flow in the opposite direction.

20. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided vvith a valve closablel in response to atmospheric pressure, a cooling-jacket around said exhaust-passage, a liquid-inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portionof pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-passage leadinO from said cooling-jacket into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flovv in the opposite direction, and a vacuum-chamber in communication with said cooling-jacket.

Q1. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided With a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, a cooling-jacket around said exhaust-passage, a liquid-inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of' said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-passage leading from said cooling-jacket into said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flow in the opposite direction, and an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquid-passage.

22. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided vvith a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, a cooling-jacket around said exhaust-passage, a liquid-inlet for said cooling-jacket, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-passage leading froin said cooling-jacket to said conduit near its receiving end, a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flow in the opposite direction, an exhaust-receiving member positioned at the receiving end of said conduit and extending thereinto beyond said liquidpassage, and a vacuum-chamber in communication with said cooling-jacket.

28. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided With a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, a liquid-supply conduit leading into said passage, a vacuumchamber associated with said liquid-supply conduit, and a valve arranged to permit lovv of liquid from said conduit into said passage and to close against fluid flow in the opposite direction.

24. A device of the kind described having in combination an exhaust-passage provided with a valve closable in response to atmospheric pressure, an exhaust-conduit extending longitudinally of said passage and arranged to receive a portion of pressure fluids entering the device, a liquid-supply passage leading into said conduit near its receiving end and said liquid-passage having a Wall supporting said conduit, and a valve arranged to permit liquid to enter said conduit through said liquid-passage and to close against fluid flovv in the opposite direction.

1n testimony whereof, I aiiix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOSEPH MARION KING. Witnesses:

`WM. BAGALEY, FRED. K. PASHLEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of atents,

Washington, D. C. 

